------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- The Agda standard library
--
-- Propositional (intensional) equality
------------------------------------------------------------------------

module Relation.Binary.PropositionalEquality where

open import Function
open import Function.Equality using (Π; _⟶_; ≡-setoid)
open import Data.Product
open import Data.Unit.NonEta
open import Level
open import Relation.Binary
import Relation.Binary.Indexed as I
open import Relation.Binary.Consequences
open import Relation.Binary.HeterogeneousEquality.Core as H using (_≅_)

-- Some of the definitions can be found in the following modules:

open import Relation.Binary.Core public using (_≡_; refl; _≢_)
open import Relation.Binary.PropositionalEquality.Core public

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Some properties

subst₂ : ∀ {a b p} {A : Set a} {B : Set b} (P : A → B → Set p)
         {x₁ x₂ y₁ y₂} → x₁ ≡ x₂ → y₁ ≡ y₂ → P x₁ y₁ → P x₂ y₂
subst₂ P refl refl p = p

cong : ∀ {a b} {A : Set a} {B : Set b}
       (f : A → B) {x y} → x ≡ y → f x ≡ f y
cong f refl = refl

cong-app : ∀ {a b} {A : Set a} {B : A → Set b} {f g : (x : A) → B x} →
           f ≡ g → (x : A) → f x ≡ g x
cong-app refl x = refl

cong₂ : ∀ {a b c} {A : Set a} {B : Set b} {C : Set c}
        (f : A → B → C) {x y u v} → x ≡ y → u ≡ v → f x u ≡ f y v
cong₂ f refl refl = refl

proof-irrelevance : ∀ {a} {A : Set a} {x y : A} (p q : x ≡ y) → p ≡ q
proof-irrelevance refl refl = refl

setoid : ∀ {a} → Set a → Setoid _ _
setoid A = record
  { Carrier       = A
  ; _≈_           = _≡_
  ; isEquivalence = isEquivalence
  }

decSetoid : ∀ {a} {A : Set a} → Decidable (_≡_ {A = A}) → DecSetoid _ _
decSetoid dec = record
  { _≈_              = _≡_
  ; isDecEquivalence = record
      { isEquivalence = isEquivalence
      ; _≟_           = dec
      }
  }

isPreorder : ∀ {a} {A : Set a} → IsPreorder {A = A} _≡_ _≡_
isPreorder = record
  { isEquivalence = isEquivalence
  ; reflexive     = id
  ; trans         = trans
  }

preorder : ∀ {a} → Set a → Preorder _ _ _
preorder A = record
  { Carrier    = A
  ; _≈_        = _≡_
  ; _∼_        = _≡_
  ; isPreorder = isPreorder
  }

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Pointwise equality

infix  _≗_

_→-setoid_ : ∀ {a b} (A : Set a) (B : Set b) → Setoid _ _
A →-setoid B = ≡-setoid A (Setoid.indexedSetoid (setoid B))

_≗_ : ∀ {a b} {A : Set a} {B : Set b} (f g : A → B) → Set _
_≗_ {A = A} {B} = Setoid._≈_ (A →-setoid B)

:→-to-Π : ∀ {a b₁ b₂} {A : Set a} {B : I.Setoid _ b₁ b₂} →
          ((x : A) → I.Setoid.Carrier B x) → Π (setoid A) B
:→-to-Π {B = B} f = record { _⟨$⟩_ = f; cong = cong′ }
  where
  open I.Setoid B using (_≈_)

  cong′ : ∀ {x y} → x ≡ y → f x ≈ f y
  cong′ refl = I.Setoid.refl B

→-to-⟶ : ∀ {a b₁ b₂} {A : Set a} {B : Setoid b₁ b₂} →
         (A → Setoid.Carrier B) → setoid A ⟶ B
→-to-⟶ = :→-to-Π

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- The old inspect idiom

-- The old inspect idiom has been deprecated, and may be removed in
-- the future. Use inspect on steroids instead.

module Deprecated-inspect where

  -- The inspect idiom can be used when you want to pattern match on
  -- the result r of some expression e, and you also need to
  -- "remember" that r ≡ e.

  -- The inspect idiom has a problem: sometimes you can only pattern
  -- match on the p part of p with-≡ eq if you also pattern match on
  -- the eq part, and then you no longer have access to the equality.
  -- Inspect on steroids solves this problem.

  data Inspect {a} {A : Set a} (x : A) : Set a where
    _with-≡_ : (y : A) (eq : x ≡ y) → Inspect x

  inspect : ∀ {a} {A : Set a} (x : A) → Inspect x
  inspect x = x with-≡ refl

  -- Example usage:

  -- f x y with inspect (g x)
  -- f x y | c z with-≡ eq = ...

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- The old inspect on steroids

-- The old inspect on steroids idiom has been deprecated, and may be
-- removed in the future. Use simplified inspect on steroids instead.

module Deprecated-inspect-on-steroids where

  -- Inspect on steroids can be used when you want to pattern match on
  -- the result r of some expression e, and you also need to "remember"
  -- that r ≡ e.

  data Reveal_is_ {a} {A : Set a} (x : Hidden A) (y : A) : Set a where
    [_] : (eq : reveal x ≡ y) → Reveal x is y

  inspect : ∀ {a b} {A : Set a} {B : A → Set b}
            (f : (x : A) → B x) (x : A) → Reveal (hide f x) is (f x)
  inspect f x = [ refl ]

  -- Example usage:

  -- f x y with g x | inspect g x
  -- f x y | c z | [ eq ] = ...

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Simplified inspect on steroids

-- Simplified inspect on steroids can be used when you want to pattern
-- match on the result r of some expression e, and you also need to
-- "remember" that r ≡ e.

record Reveal_·_is_ {a b} {A : Set a} {B : A → Set b}
                    (f : (x : A) → B x) (x : A) (y : B x) :
                    Set (a ⊔ b) where
  constructor [_]
  field eq : f x ≡ y

inspect : ∀ {a b} {A : Set a} {B : A → Set b}
          (f : (x : A) → B x) (x : A) → Reveal f · x is f x
inspect f x = [ refl ]

-- Example usage:

-- f x y with g x | inspect g x
-- f x y | c z | [ eq ] = ...

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Convenient syntax for equational reasoning

-- This is special instance of Relation.Binary.EqReasoning.
-- Rather than instantiating the latter with (setoid A),
-- we reimplement equation chains from scratch
-- since then goals are printed much more readably.

module ≡-Reasoning {a} {A : Set a} where

  infix   _∎
  infixr  _≡⟨⟩_ _≡⟨_⟩_ _≅⟨_⟩_
  infix   begin_

  begin_ : ∀{x y : A} → x ≡ y → x ≡ y
  begin_ x≡y = x≡y

  _≡⟨⟩_ : ∀ (x {y} : A) → x ≡ y → x ≡ y
  _ ≡⟨⟩ x≡y = x≡y

  _≡⟨_⟩_ : ∀ (x {y z} : A) → x ≡ y → y ≡ z → x ≡ z
  _ ≡⟨ x≡y ⟩ y≡z = trans x≡y y≡z

  _≅⟨_⟩_ : ∀ (x {y z} : A) → x ≅ y → y ≡ z → x ≡ z
  _ ≅⟨ x≅y ⟩ y≡z = trans (H.≅-to-≡ x≅y) y≡z

  _∎ : ∀ (x : A) → x ≡ x
  _∎ _ = refl

------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Functional extensionality

-- If _≡_ were extensional, then the following statement could be
-- proved.

Extensionality : (a b : Level) → Set _
Extensionality a b =
  {A : Set a} {B : A → Set b} {f g : (x : A) → B x} →
  (∀ x → f x ≡ g x) → f ≡ g

-- If extensionality holds for a given universe level, then it also
-- holds for lower ones.

extensionality-for-lower-levels :
  ∀ {a₁ b₁} a₂ b₂ →
  Extensionality (a₁ ⊔ a₂) (b₁ ⊔ b₂) → Extensionality a₁ b₁
extensionality-for-lower-levels a₂ b₂ ext f≡g =
  cong (λ h → lower ∘ h ∘ lift) $
    ext (cong (lift {ℓ = b₂}) ∘ f≡g ∘ lower {ℓ = a₂})

-- Functional extensionality implies a form of extensionality for
-- Π-types.

∀-extensionality :
  ∀ {a b} →
  Extensionality a (suc b) →
  {A : Set a} (B₁ B₂ : A → Set b) →
  (∀ x → B₁ x ≡ B₂ x) → (∀ x → B₁ x) ≡ (∀ x → B₂ x)
∀-extensionality ext B₁ B₂ B₁≡B₂ with ext B₁≡B₂
∀-extensionality ext B .B  B₁≡B₂ | refl = refl